Kimf-drying grain



S. HOWARD.

Grain Drier.b

Patented sept. 25, 1846.

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sEBRE I'IowARD, or ADRIAN, MICHIGAN.

KILN-DRYING GRAIN, &c.

Specification of' Letters Patent 1\To. 4,777, dated September 26, 1846.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SEBRE HOWARD, of Adrian, in the county of Lenaweeand State of Michigan, have invented a new and Improved Kiln-DryingAppaI atus, which I denominate Howards Rotary Cylindrical Grain-Drier;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and exact descriptionof the construction and operation thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making a part of this specication.

My rot-ary cylindrical grain drier is composed of three metalliccylindrical casings of different sizes, combined concentrically the onewithin another, forming annular spaces between the central, and theinterior and exterior casings. The concentric combined casings areplaced within a heating chamber, .and suspended on a horizontal shaftpassing through the center of the inner casing, on which they revolve.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1, is a vertical longitudinalsection through the center of my kiln drying apparatus; Fig. 2, is aperspective elevation of the interior side of the head or front end ofthe heating chamber, detached from the other parts o the same.

Similar letters refer to corresponding parts in both figures.

A, is the interior, B, is the central, and C, is the exterior concentriccasing. e, is the annular space between the casings A, and B, and f, isthe annular space between the casings B & C. R, is the chamber inclosingthe combined concentric casings, the inclosing wall L, of the chamber R,may be composed of brick or other suitable material. t, is thehorizontal shaft passing through the center of the combined concentriccasings. c, o, are radial armsK by which it is secured to the front endof the same. o', is a head which closes up the rear end of the innerconcentric casing A. The shaft t', has its bearings in the head D, andrear end of the heating chamber R; at its rear end a crank, w, or apulley or cog wheel, is attached for the purpose of communicating motionto the combined concentric casings. On the rear side of the head D, ofthe chamber R, circular projecting flanges n, and p,

are secured concentric with each other. The inner circular flange n,passes a few Inches within the front end of the Inner concentric casingA, fitting accurately to the same. The exterior flange p, ts accuratelyto the central concentric casing B, and passes a few inches within thesame. The annular space between t-he circular flanges n, and p,ycommunicates with the chimney Z, and connects the annular space e, withthe same. J,

`is a furnace placed at the front end ofthe,

carried forward through the same to the Chimney Z, acting upontheexterior surface 1 of the casing` A, and the interior surface of thecasing B.

The grain (or other substance) to be' kiln dried, is placed in areceptacle or hopper m, attached to the front head D, of thevcham# berR, and passes through a spout vr, into the heating chamber A wthintheinterior of the inner casing A; here it is acted upon by the heatoccasioned by the passage ofthe hot air and gases from the furnacethrough the annular flue space e, to the chimneyrZ, and is graduallycarried from the front to the rear end of the circular heating chamber(A,) by the rotary action of the continuous spiral thread CZ, projectingfrom its interior surface. The grain being carried to the rear end ofthe chamber A, against the head fu',

which closes up the same, falls through conl necting tubes L, L, intothe annular space f, between the,concentric casings B and C. In theannular space f, a spiral thread g, is placed, winding around in thesame from rear to front in a reversed position to that in the chamberA', which carries the grain back again to the front end of theconcentric casings by the rotary action of the same; arriving at which,a hook g, attached to the front end of the chamber R, and extending intothe annular space f, takes the grain from the spiral thread g, andforces it into the discharge spout 7c.

The grain during its passage through the annular space f is acted uponby heat on both its inclosing surfaces at the same time; the casing C,being acted upon directly by the heat of the furnace, and the casing B,by

It will clearly be perceived as a Very valuable feature in my kilndrying apparatus, that the heating surfaces over which the grain passesare regularly and constantly increasing in temperature from the pointVwhere the grain enters the circular chamber A, to that where it isdischarged out of the annular space f; this feature, combined with theconstantly progressive rotary motion, causes every particle of grain tobe equally operated on by heat, without danger of injury fromscorchingif proper attention be paid to the furnace. The red arrows inFig. l, represent the course of the wheat from the receptacle m,'throughthe chamber A and annular space f, to the discharge spout K. The blackarrows, represent the course of the hot air and gaseous products ofcornbustion from the furnace to the chimney.

I design using my rotary cylindricalgrain drier, not only for kilndrying grain of all lnds, but also for drying malt, salt, and everyother substance it can be used for, and for the roasting of coffee.

IIaving thus fully described the construction and'operation of my rotarycylindrical grain drier, what I claim therein as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. The uniting the cylindrical casings A, B, and C, with each other andcombining them with the furnace J, in such a manner as to forma circularheating or drying chamber A', within the inner casing A; an

' annular lspace or drying chamber f, connected with the-same, betweenthe outer casfing C, and central casing B; and an annular flue space e,between the central casing B,-

and inner casing A, substantially as herein set forth.

2. I also claim the giving the grain, or other substance acted upon, aconstant-'ly progressive rotary movement from the front to the rear endof the circular drying cham-

